Bathythermograph



och 1943- A. F. SPILHAUS BATHYTHERMOGRAPH' Filed Dec. 18, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR ATHELSTAN F. SPILHAUS A'ITORN: 5 i

' Patented Oct. 12, 1943 "UNITED STATES V PATENT OFFICE 2,ss 1,s1o

v nsrnvrnmmoonsrn Atheistan F. Spiihaus, University Heights, N. Y.,

assignor to Submarine Signal ton, Mass, a corporation or Maine mpany, Bos- Applicatlon December '18, 1941, Serial No. 423,402

viously filed patent application Serial No. 224,074,

filed August 10, 1938, and application Serial No. 389,220; filed April 18, 1941.

with respect to the latter application, which relates to a combination of a bathythermograph and sea sampler, the present invention is a con-- tinuation-in-part particularly as to elements of construction of the bathythermograph component parts in the application Serial No. 389,220.

In the present construction and also in the construction in the last referred-to application, the pressure-responsive means and the temperatum-responsive means are each independently operated and neither one produces any motion of the other means. In this arrangement the pressure-responsive device is assembled at one end of the unit and the teigperature-responsive device at the other end 0 the unit with the pressure-responsive means bearing a recording plate and the temperature-responsive means bearing the arm carrying the stylus marking point.

The arrangement of the apparatus according to the present invention is so made that it might be easily disassembled without having the pressureand temperatureresponsive units interiering with each other. The record produced is that produced on a recording plate which may be provided with a recording surface as, for instance, a surface having a coating of lamp black or the like over which the marking stylus is moved substantially in aflat a'rc while the recording plate itself may be moved in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto.

Without further discussing the advantages and merits of the present invention it will now be described in the specification below in connection with the drawings illustrating embodiments oi the invention in which Fig. 1 shows the invention in'elevation withparts in section;

' Fig. 2 shows a section taken on the line2-2 shows a section taken the line 4-4 ti e 6 shows a section taken on the line 6-8 5; and '7 shows a section taken on the line 1-1 5. indicated in Fig. 1, at each end of the bathyegg;

3 shows a section taken on the line 1-3- shows a modification oi-the'drawing '50 onwhlch the stylus arm I thermograph there are supporting flanges i and Each of these flanges is provided with outwardly extending eyes 3 and 4 which may link to a chain or any other means for lowering the 5 bathythermograph into the water." The flange I is provided with two normally extending shoulders, to one 8 of which the cylindrical shell I is attached for supporting the Bourdonf tube I upon which the stylus arm 8 recording mecha- 10 him is mounted. This mechanism will be more fully described later. The other flange 2' has'an I 20. nently through a welded joint. The two end- 7 flanges orend supporting. members are joined together by meansoi a series of bars H, II, It and VI I. These bars preferably comprises channelelement IS in which is inserted a non-metallic solid bar element l9 which may, if desired, be

made of non-metallic material; as. for instance,

Bakelite or other strong plastic. The bars H, II,

i6 and II so formed are attached by screws 20 and II, respectively, to projecting shoulders or brackets 22 and 28 respectively projecting from the supporting ends i and 2 oi the bathythermograph. The bars l8, as indicated in the lower hallo! Fig. 1, have recessed grooves 24, 24, etc.,

on the inner side of these bars extending uniiormly down the side or the bar as indicated clearly in Fig. 1. These recesses form a support for the helical tube 25 which is in communication with the Bourdon tube I and together with the latter serves as the temperature-indicating element. Each turn oi the helical tube sets in these grooves in the bars and the. tube at the end turn continues upwards in the section 26 passing through a hole 21 in the collar I! to the Bourdon tube 1 which is supported by the bracket 28 extending from one side of the collar l2, as

indicated in Figs. '1 and 2.

The Bourdon indicating element comprises a I list spiral of a couple oi turns, or more, as desired, spiralling from a center point of the tube is mounted having at which bears against The recording plate 30 its end the stylus point 29 the recordingplate 3|.

is removably mounted in a irame' 3i recessed to receive the plate It. The frame II is supported from an extending bracket 32 which extends 41 in the bar when normally from a plate 33 fastened by means of the screws 34 to the piston 35 movable longitudinally within the cylinder II by means of the pressure-responsive element 35. This pressureresponsive element is of the bellows type similar to that described in my previously mentioned application Serial No. 389,220. This bellows type of element is built up in sectins.- Between each section there is provided an annular flange member 31 having its edge bearing against the cylinder II for guiding within the cylindrical tube. The piston 35 is attached to the end-most bellows section. This piston has a rod 38 passingthrough its center, which rod is surrounded by a helical spring 39 bearing at the upper end against the insideof the piston and at the lower end against an elongated collar 45 resting on the base 9 to which the collar and the, bellows are hermetically sealed. The lower end of the rod 35 is extended in an element of smaller section with an end cylindrical element ll working in a sliding fit within the collar 40. The space between the base surface 42 and the end of the element II is the allowable measure of travel of the recording plate 30 so that this distance width of the recording plate 30.

As the pressure increases, the bellows will, of course, tend to be compressed and the piston 35 will be retracted within the cylinder i I, drawing downward the frame 3| and the recording plate 30 carried by it. With an increase in temperature the gas pressure within the helical tube 25 will of course, increase. Since the tube 25 is in communication with the Bourdon tube 1, the spiral of the latter will tend to expand, thereby rotating the stylus arm 8 in an arc and producing a mark by the motion of the stylus point across the recording chart. The recording chart, which may be of glass or some transparent or translucent film, if desired, is inserted in the frame from one side in the same manner as in a projection machine. For this purpose a slot 43 is provided at the side of the frame against which a spring finger 44 may rest to hold the slot in position. A spring finger 45 may also be used on top of the recording plate to hold the plate its groove. When it is desired to remove the recording plate 30, the spring finger H is drawn out of the'slotwhere it presses against the end the bellows longitudinallyfirmly down in The operation of the device has already substantially been described in connection with the description of Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive. Substantially the temperature-responsive element will produce a record across the recording chart while the pressure-responsive element moves the opposite ends of responsive is made substantially the of the plate and is rotated on its supporting arm 45 ninety degrees which raises up the stylus arm 5 from -the -recording plate. This occurs. because the stylus arm rests in a. cut-away portion the point 29 is in contact with the recordingplate so. that when the arm 45 is rotated," the stylus arm is lifted up from the plate. be removedwithout itbeing marked upon by the styluspoint'29.

In the 'device as-indicated in the figures just described,thegsupportingbars ll, l5, l6 and H are positioned about' the device in such amannerthatiwhe'nthedevice-is rested upon a deck of a vessel, for instance, the helical tube element 25 will not come in contact with the deck surface and in thisiwayithese projecting bars, imacldition to serving -as asupport for the construction of the 'bathythermograph, serve also.'as a special protection fQr the'helicaI tube element. If desired, these bars may ,beidrther supported by an annular member 49 hearing against the cylinder I I, the annular member 49 supporting the bars H, 15, l5c'and l1 and being held thereto by means of the screws 50.

..This permits the recording plate to completely withdrawn direction substanthe temperarecording chart itself in a tially normal to the marking of ture stylus. The means are mounted in independent positions at the bathythermograph in such a manner that free operation of each element is obtainable independently of the other. This principle is even more fully followed through in the arrangement shown in Figs. 5, 6 and '1. In this case the entire assembly of the temperature-responsive means and that of the pressuremeans are each constructed as independent ,units and may he slid together in the final assembly of the bathythermograph. For this purpose the end support 5| carrying the eye member 3 is provided with a shoulder element 52 carrying the cylinder 53. This cylinder is provided at its other end with a heavy flange 54 which supports within it the annular member 55 which may be held by the screws 55 to the cylinder 53. The annular member 55 supports a plurality of equally spaced triangular bars 51 which are provided with V-shaped sawteeth 53 in the greater portion of the length of the bars along the outer apex of the triangle. These V- shaped bars are held to the ring 55 by means of the screws 59 and are also supported at their other ,end to the annular member 55 bymeans of the screws 5|. The V-shaped bars, therefore, with the end annular members 55 and 33 form a frame upon which the helical tube member 52 which is in communication with the Bourdon tube 53 isspirally wound. The helical tube member 52 extends from the spirally wound portionalong one of the triangular bars 51 through a perforation in the annular element 55 to the flat spiral 53 of the Bourdon tube which is supported in position by the clamp 54 supported to a bracket 55 extending from the annular member 55. The construction of the indicating mechanism secured to the Bourdon tube and therecording plate as well as the rest of the mechanism is substantially the same as that described in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive. Thepressureresponsive member is constructed substantially the same as indicated in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive.

In the modification in Fig. 5, however, the framework supporting the helical tube 'is supported on the cylinder ll within which the pressure bellows are guided. If desired, the annular elements 55 and 50 may be held to the cylinder II, the element 55 by means of the screws 55 and the element 50 by means of the screws 55.

A protecting frame may be built around the helical tube element 58 comprising a framework of the bars 51 which are supported at both ends to flanges in the end-supporting elements. When it is desired to disassemble the unit in Fig. 5, the outer protecting bar 51 may be removed and then the screws 55 and 55 joining the temperatureand pressure-responsive units together. The units may then; be easily disassembled after removing the bar 55 by taking out the screw 55 sothat the pressure unit and the temperatureresponsive unit may be telescoped apart and from each other.

Other 'minor modifications and constructions may be employed, but in the above the preferred temperature and pressure embodiments of the invention have been described. v

Having now described my invention, I claim: 1. A bathythermograph comprising an elongated cylindrical casing containing and supporting within it a.Bourdon tube having a recording element including a stylus operated thereby, a supporting frame axially aligned with said cylindrical casing and supported thereby, a helical tube in communication with said Bourdon tube wound about said supporting frame and being adapted to produce pressure variations forthe' operation of said Bourdon tube in response to variations in temperature of said helical tube, and a pressure-respansive bellows element supported at one end of said casing and telescoping in axial relationship therewith, said pressure-responsive bellows carrying at its free end a recording chart adapted to be moved by said pressureeresponsive bellows longitudinally of said casing, said stylus being adapted to move substantially in an arc over said recording chart.

2. A bathythermograph comprising an elongated cylinder having a Bourdon tube mounted at one end thereof with a recording stylus carrying arm operated thereby positioned substantially in the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and adapted to rotate about an axis perpendicular thereto, a temperature-responsive helical tube element in communication with said Bourdon tube for operation of the letter, said helical tube being mounted concentrically with said cylinder and outside of the same, a pressure-responsive bellows element positioned longitudinally in said cylinder and supported at one of its ends to the other end of the cylinder, said bellows having at its other, free end a recording plate positioned in the plane of motion of the recording stylus, the expansive and contractive motion of said pressure-responsive bellows being adapted to move said recording plate inan extension of its same plane and the motion of said stylus arm being adapted to move said stylus over the surface of said recording element.

3. A bathythermograph comprising an elongate-d supporting frame having a Bourdon tube mounted at one end thereof with a recording stylus positioned substantially in the longitudinal axis of the frame and adapted to be rotated about an axis perpendicular thereto by operation of said Bourdon tube, an elongated cylinder concentrically supported in the direction of the iongitudinal axis of said frame, a pressure-responsive bellows element within said cylinder adapt- 7 ed to be operated by variations in pressure in the direction of the longitudinal axis of said frame, a recording plate supported at one end of said bellows element, said recording plate-being positioned in a plane substantially coextensive with the plane of motion of the recording stylus, said Bourdon tube having in communication therewith a temperature responsive helical tube mounted and supported substantially concentrically with said elongated cylinder. ,9 4. A bathythermograph comprising an elon- 66 gated supporting frame having a Bourdon tube mounted at one end thereof with a recording stylus positioned substantially in the longitudinal axis of the frame and adapted to be rotated about an axis perpendicular thereto by operation 5 of said Bourdon tube, an elongated cylinder concentrically supported in the direction of the longitudinal axis of said frame, a pressure-responsive bellows element within said cylinder adapted to be operated by variations in pressure in the di- 1 reotion of the longitudinal axis of said frame, a

recording plate supported at one-end of said bellows element, said recording plate being positioned in a plane substantially coextensive with the plane of motion of therecording stylus, said Bourdon tube having in communication therewith 'a temperature responsive helical tube mounted and supported substantially concentrically with said elongated cylinder, said supporting frame surrounding said helical tube and serving as a protection therefor.

5. A bathythermograph comprising an elongated supporting frame having a cylindrical casing extending from one end thereof containing and supporting within it a Bourdon tube, said Bourdon tube having in communication with it a temperature responsive helical tube wound'on the supporting frame and coaxially positioned with respect to said cylindrical casing, a pressure-responsive bellows element positioned longitudinally in said frame and supported at one of its ends to the other end of the frame, said bellows having at its plate positioned in the plane of motion of a recording stylus, said recording stylus being carried by said Bourdon tube, the expansive and contractive motion of, said pressure-responsive bellows being adapted to move said recording plate in an extension of its same Plane and the motion of said Bourdon tube being adapted to move said stylus over the surface or said recording plate.

6. A bathythermograph comprising an elongated supporting frame having a cylindrical casment positioned and with one end thereof at the 7 other end of the first frame,

a cylindrical casing coamal with the axis of said first frame and providing a. guide for the longitudinal movement of said bellows element, said cylinder externally supporting the frame on which said helical tube is mounted, said pressure-responsive bellows carrying at its free end a recording chart adapted to be moved with said pressure-responsive bellows longitudinally of said frame and a stylus carried by said Bourdon tube and being adapted in an arc.

- ATHELSTAN F. SPH J-IAUSL other, free end a recording to move over said recording plate substantially 

